Blog Post 4: Comparison of: Pyramid B (Tula) & Temple of Warriors (Chichen Itza)

Academics traditionally suggested that Chichen Itza was invaded and controlled by the Toltecs of Tula, due to the similarities in the architectural form.  Recently, this has been questioned, and the theory has changed to suggest that the two cities were simply trade partners.  Today’s post will examine the similarities and differences that exist between Pyramid B at Tula and the Temple of the Warriors at Chichen Itza.  With the use of modern technology, the virtual tour will allow me to contrast both sites using both visual cues and historical references.

Historically speaking, in the 19^th century similarities were notice between the Chichen Itza and Tula sites.  By the 20^th Century, parallels were made based upon the building plans, sculptural forms, and iconographic motifs.  Later, the similarities were thought to exist because of political ties, collaboration between the two rulers, and commercial exchange.

Columns,  Temple of Warriors

 Columns,  Pyramid B

The first major architectural similarity was the feathered serpent doorway columns, which were stated to be “almost an exact reproduction of the Toltec column we unearthed at Tula”.  Also, the round and square columns surrounding the Temple of Warriors depict Toltex warriors, making it obvious that the two sites are related to each other. The plan of both Pyramid B and the Temple of Warriors is nearly an exact replica.  Comparing the two sites we notice they both are terraced or have a step-up design.  Also, both have a stairway to the roof, which allows for easy access.  The flat roof design is another common planning feature. We notice carvings and designs that signify influence of war and religion in both sites. In any case, if they were invaded or just trading partners, we notice significant Toltecian influence on Chichen Itza.

Temple of Warriors, Chichen Itza

Pyramid B, Toltecs

The major differences are limited.  The scale is large in both cases, but the Temple of Warrior has about 200 columns surrounding it while Pyramid B has only 100.  This could suggest the importance and power of the builders. Furthermore, the serpent columns on the roof were used as structural beams for the Pyramid B, while simply as symbolic structures at the Temple of Warriors.  Overall, it should be apparent that the similarities show a strong relationship between the Toltecs of Tula and the Chichen Itza cultures, which much out way the few differences that exist.